Anturus archeri (Clathrus archeri)
Systematics:- Department: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
- Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
- Class: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
- Subclass: Phallomycetidae (Veselkovye)
- Order: Phallales (Merry)
- Family: Phallaceae (Veyolkovye)
- Genus: Clathrus (Clathrus)
- Species: Clathrus archeri (Anturus archeri)
- Other names for the mushroom:
- Archer's Clathrus
- Archer's flower breeder
- Archer's grate
Other names:
Archer's flower breeder
Anturus archer
Archer's grate
Mushroom cuttlefish
Description:
Young fruiting body up to 4 - 6 cm in diameter, pear-shaped or ovoid, with long mycelial strands at the base. The peridium is whitish or grayish, with a pink and brown tint, after rupture it remains at the base of the fruiting body. From the bursting ovoid envelope, the recipe quickly develops in the form of 3-8 red, first accrete to the apex, then quickly separating and spreading, like tentacles, lobes. Subsequently, the mushroom takes on a characteristic star-shaped shape, reminiscent of a flower with a diameter of about 10 - 15 cm. This mushroom has no obvious leg. The structure of the inner surface of the blades resembles a porous, wrinkled lip, covered with dark irregular spots of olive, slimy, spore-bearing gleb, emitting a strong unpleasant odor that attracts insects.
On the cut of the mushroom in the ovoid stage, its multilayer structure is clearly visible: on top of the peridium, under which there is a mucous membrane resembling jelly. Together they protect the fruiting body from external influences. Below them is a core consisting of a red receptacle, i.e. future blades of the "flower", and in the very center is visible a gleb, i.e. spore-bearing layer of olive color. The flesh of the already opened blades is very brittle.
Spores 6.5 x 3 μm, narrow cylindrical. Spore powder olive.
Spread:
Anthurus archer grows from July to October on the soil of deciduous and mixed forests, occurs in meadows and parks, and is also noted on sand dunes. Saprophyte. It is rare, but grows in large quantities under good conditions.
Similarity:
Anturus archer - A peculiar mushroom, not similar to others, but there are closely related species:
The Javanese flower barker (Pseudocolus fusiformis syn. Anthurus javanicus), characterized by blades converging to the apex, is noted in the Primorsky Territory, as well as in tubs with tropical plants, in particular, in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden. And, quite rarely, the Red Lattice (Clathrus ruber).
At a young age, in the ovoid stage, it can be confused with the Veselka ordinary (Phallus impudicus), which is distinguished by the green color of the flesh on the cut.
Rating:
Anturus archer - Has no nutritional value.
The pungent, repulsive smell of the fruiting body of the Archer flower stalk, as well as the bad taste of the pulp, determines the fact that the fruiting bodies of this species are correlated with inedible mushrooms. The described mushroom is not eaten.
Note:
History of penetration: Australia is considered to be the ancestor of the mushroom, but for Europe it is an alien. It was first discovered in France in 1914, possibly, its spores were brought together with wool, which was imported at that time from Australia. Subsequently, the mushroom was found in southern Germany (1937), Switzerland (1942), England (1945), Austria (1948), Czech Republic (1963), Spain (1973). It traveled to the shores of the Baltic Sea for over 60 years, and today it is increasingly celebrated on the Eastern European continent.
Etymology: Clathrus (m) from kleithron Greek. [Saccardo, PA Sylloge Fungorum VII: 18 (1888)] with a similar claustrum lat. 1) bolt, lock; 2) storage, cage. Also kleis Greek. bolt, constipation. Pinea claustra - pine dungeon - this is what Virgil wrote about the Trojan horse. The epithet archeri is given in honor of the Irish mycologist W. Archer.
Previously, the described species of mushrooms was attributed to rare specimens, but now fans of quiet hunting find more and more fruiting bodies of this species.