The main edible mushrooms growing here are: boletus, aspen (in small quantities), boletus, pepper milk mushrooms, russula and sulfur-yellow tinder fungi.
BEACHLINES occupy the most important place among edible mushrooms. These are mushrooms with predominantly brown caps of various shades, grayish-white decorated with a pattern of black strokes in the lower part "to match the birch" legs and a creamy-white spongy layer; High Quality. Many people naively believe that birch trees grow only under birches. But this is far from the case. There are just a few of them under the birches. They grow freely throughout the territory of the meadow mixed small forest; most of them happen: under white poplars, willows, aspens, in swampy areas. Others think what you want on them: aspen mushrooms, even porcini mushrooms. But: aspen stands really only grow in aspen forests (under aspen trees) and are characterized by a cap of red shades [rarely, which grow in other places - pine, blood-red];porcini mushrooms, on the other hand, should have a thick stem and not change the color of the pulp at the cut / break. Yes, young boletus trees actually resemble white ones in their appearance, but, acquiring a rich turquoise (green color) color on the cut, they speak for themselves. Some individuals can reach enormous sizes. So, at the end of September of this year, I found a perfectly suitable mushroom with a cap diameter of more than 20 cm and a weight exceeding a pound. I want to warn you: don't be greedy and pick overripe mushrooms. They have an unpleasant putrid smell and taste, and can ruin their honorable reputation with those who come across it. There are a dozen species of the genus. So, common boletus (the best representative) really grows only under birches, and the rest (gray birch (hornbeam), black, harsh, marsh (white),blackening ...) - in quite and other places. It should be remembered that brown mushrooms are mushrooms that mainly grow separately, and therefore you still need to look for them.
Boletus mushrooms are larger and denser mushrooms than boletus mushrooms. They grow a little in the described area. They also exist within a dozen varieties. So, I found: red boletus (orange-red cap), red-brown (brown-red cap), rarely white (cream cap). At the beginning of June this year, I found one blood-red boletus under an oak tree: the leg is very thick, but loosely hollow inside, the cap is reddish-brown.
Boletus and boletus (boletus) bear fruit from late May to early October; peak - end of August - September.
OILS - mushrooms are small, but: delicate in taste and aromatic, grow in small families - and they can also be picked up pretty well. The mushroom, unlike its predecessors described above, is very moisture-loving. Between the boletus and boletus trees, there is also a red flyworm: a very small mushroom, mostly about 4 cm in diameter. Butterlets grow from July to September.
PEPPER CHARGE is a mushroom that grows in huge quantities and grows to impressive sizes. Fresh, when chewed, it becomes exceptionally pungent - along with chili, hence the name. Can be consumed salted and pickled after 3 days of soaking and boiling. (You can also use it as a dried powder - as a seasoning.) But this mushroom is of very low quality, and not everyone likes it to the taste.
There are also a lot of RAWS growing - more between aspens and pines: blue-green (the hat is grayish-turquoise), beautiful (the cap is red with white veins and zones, bitter in taste), less often yellow, white ... But the russula is a mushroom that is far from the best taste indicators , and also has one negative objective property: it crumbles strongly during transportation. Therefore, I recommend picking mushrooms only in the absence or lack of the best: boletus, aspen, boletus. Russula can be stewed, fried, pickled, salted.
SULFURY-YELLOW TRUTOVIK is a parasitic fungus that grows on stumps and trunks mainly of willows. He is young, of high taste: the fruiting body is tender, in aroma and consistency it resembles chicken meat. It can grow up to 5 - 7 kg. It is quite common. The old mushroom becomes tougher and its nutritional values drop significantly.
Among edible mushrooms, small quantities also grow: dung beetles, raincoats, champignons, cobwebs, pink waves (in thickets of blackberries), varnishes, scales, even mushrooms and some other mushrooms.
Edible mushrooms of the cold period (October, November) - poplar ryadovka, winter mushrooms (flamulina) and autumn mushrooms. But about them - in the next issue.
A lot of poisonous mushrooms grow: red and panther fly agarics, slender pig, pale grebe (!), As well as little-known poisonous mushrooms.
I want to warn everyone about the pale toadstool and the pig.
PALETTE, or, scientifically, MUKHOMOR GREEN, is quite common. Don't confuse it with edible mushrooms !!! I also do not advise you to destroy, because it is also a part of nature, and it also plays an important role in ecosystems. There are individuals disguised as champignons. (There are also other fly agarics similar to it: spring, white smelly.) And if a cut mushroom, mistaken for a champignon, has white plates, and not colored (from pink to chocolate), do not hesitate, throw it away ! There were about a dozen such facts in my life.
As for the SLIM PIG (among our people, they are spoken by poddubniki, pigs), this is also an unsafe mushroom. They contain, like the red fly agaric, muscarine, and, in addition, an antigen protein that destroys erythrocytes and adversely affects the kidneys. The slender pig, and indeed for a long time, was considered conditionally edible, but, according to the latest laboratory data and the facts of poisoning and even death through her fault, since 1981 it has been recognized as poisonous. But even now, many mushroom pickers ignore this. Yes, I understand - firstly, the mushroom is large enough and grows in large quantities, and secondly, the fatal consequences of using it for food do not occur for everyone and not immediately - after years. But, nevertheless, it must be remembered that it can turn out to be a time bomb and create, with its constant use, at a certain moment, irreversible.Therefore, I earnestly ask each and every one: do not be greedy, gather other, reliable, mushrooms; remember - God protects the saved.