Whitish talker (Clitocybe rivulosa)
Systematics:- Department: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
- Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
- Class: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
- Subclass: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
- Order: Agaricales (Agaric or Lamellar)
- Family: Tricholomataceae (Tricholomaceae or Ordinary)
- Genus: Clitocybe (Clitocybe or Talker)
- Species: Clitocybe rivulosa (Whitish talker)
Synonyms:
Whitewashed talker
Discolored talker
Clitocybe dealbata
Reddish talker
Furrowed talker
Whitish , bleached , or discolored (Latin Clitocybe dealbata ), also reddish or furrowed ( Clitocybe rivulosa ) - a type of mushroom included in the Clitocybe genus of the Tricholomataceae family.
The whitish talker grows on the soil or on the litter in places with grass cover - in meadows and pastures or on forest edges, clearings and clearings in deciduous and mixed forests, as well as in parks. Fruit bodies appear in groups, sometimes very large; form "witch circles". Distributed in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere.
The season is from mid-July to November.
The cap of the talker is whitish ∅ 2-6 cm, in young mushrooms it is convex , with a turned-up edge, later it is spread , in old mushrooms it is flat or depressed , often with a wavy edge. The color of the cap varies from powdery white and whitish grayish in young mushrooms to buffy in mature ones. Mature mushrooms have vague grayish spots on the cap. The surface of the cap is covered with a thin powdery coating, which can be easily removed; in wet weather it is slightly slimy, in dry weather it is silky and shiny; cracks when dry and becomes lighter.
The pulp is thin-fleshy (3-4 mm thick on the disc of the cap), elastic and fibrous , whitish, does not change color when cut. The taste is inexpressive; powdery smell.
The leg of the talker is whitish, 2–4 cm long and 0.4–0.6 cm ∅, cylindrical, slightly tapering towards the base, straight or curved, solid in young mushrooms, later - hollow; the surface is whitish or grayish, sometimes covered with nut-colored spots, darkening when pressed, longitudinal fibrous.
Plates are frequent, whitish, later grayish-whitish, at maturity acquire a light yellow color, descending to the pedicle, 2 - 5 mm wide.
Spore powder is white. Spores 4–5.5 × 2–3 µm, ellipsoidal, smooth, colorless.
A deadly poisonous mushroom!
The content of muscarine in whitish govorushka is higher than in red fly agaric. Muscarin, contained in the fruiting bodies of the whitish talker (as well as in the fruiting bodies of related species, for example, Clitocybe phyllophila), can cause severe poisoning, which manifests itself 15-20 minutes after ingestion, increased secretion of saliva and tears, sweating, in large doses - weakening of the heart rate, a sharp drop in blood pressure, respiratory failure, severe vomiting and diarrhea. Poisoning symptoms usually begin to subside after two hours. Fatalities are rare. The antidote for muscarine poisoning is atropine and other M-anticholinergics.
It grows on soil or on litter in areas with grass cover - in meadows and pastures or on forest edges, clearings and clearings in deciduous and mixed forests, as well as in parks. Fruit bodies appear in groups, sometimes very large; form "witch circles". Distributed in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere.
The season is from mid-July to November.
In the literature, two species were often distinguished - Clitocybe rivulosa with a pinkish cap and blades and a short stem and Clitocybe dealbata with a grayish coloration and a longer stem. These factors turned out to be insufficient for separation, the color of the hygrophane talkers significantly depends on the degree of wetting. Molecular genetic studies have also come to the conclusion about one polymorphic species.